How does the neuromuscular system respond to exercise

A sub-group performed a specific posture training twice per week in addition to all other physical and sports activities. Although it is well-known that continuous deliberate practice throughout lifespan leading to motor expertise can delay age-related deteriorations in motor skills, relatively little is known about underlying mechanisms.

A relevant topic from a healthy aging perspective. The authors studied the precision of fine motor control in experts compared to novices with regard to the execution of a dynamic force control task. The obtained results suggest that motor performance of experts is more precise, less variable, and more complex.

This finding points toward a better performance and adapted organization of sensorimotor control. Electromyographical EMG assessment of muscle activity can give important insight into the co-ordination and synchronization of muscles during human movements and, consequently, may enable an understanding of muscle performance.

Mohr et al. The authors indeed found large methodological differences that can explain inconsistencies, which were observed in the scientific literature and should be considered in future studies on muscle activity. Beside aerobic capacity, a well-developed neuromuscular capacity can be considered a crucial motor performance domain across all age-groups at different performance levels and settings.

Numerous behavioral e. Standard tools to measure those entities in a valid and reliable manner are highly required and need to be developed and justified based on the intended goals and intentions. The majority of the published papers of this Research Topic are of cross-sectional nature underpinning that walking, stepping and gait are specific motor tasks that involve different strategies on spinal and supra-spinal level.

To explain the large variability and specificity of these complex motor tasks theoretical frameworks and one data set have been published. Established behavioral surrogates have been linked with physical and sports performance as well as fall risk and were investigated in both cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs: thereby, for example, the association between performance and dehydration, eccentric strength and maturation, athletic training and body perception, mechanical power and jumping performance, strength and transversal calf muscle load, force velocity and flexibility as well as agility, and neuromuscular performance have been found to be interesting to investigate more detailed.

Few studies investigated neuromuscular interventions. Although interventional studies are methodologically challenging, more studies over longer period of time e. This is particularly important as we justify task-specific neuromuscular adaptations mostly based on short time frames of around 12 weeks or less.

However, based on more than 9, included subjects within the meta-analyses and more than 1, investigated subjects within the original papers, the relevance of neuromuscular performance investigated from different perspectives using different approaches across all age groups can be considered very high. The findings of this Research Topic emphasize that neuromuscular motor performance tasks from upright standing to downhill skiing are complex and specific tasks that reflect different neuromuscular requirements.

It remains still difficult to compare several tools used in different papers to assess neuromuscular performance as generalizable physical capacity. Future research still needs to rationalize and conceptualize, which outcome needs to be tested and trained in the light of the population, setting, and intended goals. This information should than have impact on interventional study designs that could also focus on primary hard endpoints such as fall, disease, mortality, performance, maturation, and aging.

These findings should then be incorporated into modeling frameworks that could provide a more holistic and integrative understanding of complex neuromuscular motor tasks. All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Donath, L. Exercise-based fall prevention in the elderly: what about agility? Sports Med. Faude, O. Neuromuscular adaptations to multimodal injury prevention programs in youth sports: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Granacher, U. Effects of resistance training in youth athletes on muscular fitness and athletic performance: a conceptual model for long-term athlete development.

Jakobsen, M. Physical exercise at the workplace prevents deterioration of work ability among healthcare workers: cluster randomized controlled trial.

BMC Public Health High intensity strength, power, speed and hypertrophy training tend to cause the greatest adaptations in the neuromuscular system because they require the greatest integration and coordination of musculature to perform specific tasks under high loads or in an explosive fashion. Some of the major adaptations are detailed in the following table. The muscular system also adapts to training types that rely on the aerobic energy system as well as the anaerobic systems, such as muscular endurance and aerobic and anaerobic fitness.

Some of these major adaptations from these types of training include;. With the exception of flexibility training, all the other training types improve the effectiveness and efficiency of motor unit firing. Make writing personal training programs easy with these custom designed exercise templates, and keep your clients focused and progressing. Pain-free clients are happy clients. Claim your free copy of the client back care guide today. Your clients will thank you for it!

Link to Client Back Care Guide. All rights reserved. Search Site only in current section. Advanced Search…. Some of the most significant and undervalued adaptations to exercise occur in the neuromuscular system. Learn what types of training produce the most significant adaptations here. Building my fitness business Other. Please select a response No, funds are very low Yes, I'm ready to invest in myself. Call today Home » Blog » Short term effects of exercise on the neuromuscular system.

Short term effects of exercise The following describes the short term effects of exercise on the neuromuscular system, that one would typically experience during a good session at the gym. Increased blood flow to working muscles Blood is redirected to the muscles that have a greater demand for oxygen and nutrients. Increase in temperature Blood also carries heat so the working muscles become warmer. Increase in pliability Muscles are a bit like blue tack!